Charmot G
Ann Gastroenterol Hepatol (Paris). 1984 Oct-Nov;20(5):289-94.
50 to 70% of diarrheas contracted during travel in hot countries are due to an enterotoxigenic E. coli having the dual acquired ability to adhere to the intestinal epithelium and to produce an enterotoxin. This produces a liquid diarrhea, usually banal for the traveller but which can sometimes be serious in young children of developing nations. The genes coding for the above two characteristics are carried by a plasmid. Other colibacilli, enteropathogenic or entero-invasive, can also cause diarrhea; being liquid in the former case and dysenteriform in the latter. Other bacteria such as the vibrions and perhaps Aeronomonas, can also secrete an enterotoxin. The role of invasive organisms and viruses is briefly discussed. The prophylaxis is fairly illusive and treatment of the mild forms is usually symptomatic.
在炎热国家旅行期间感染的腹泻病例中,50%至70%是由产肠毒素大肠杆菌引起的,这种细菌具有双重获得性能力,即能够黏附于肠道上皮细胞并产生肠毒素。这会导致水样腹泻,对旅行者来说通常并不严重,但在发展中国家的幼儿中有时可能会很严重。编码上述两种特性的基因由质粒携带。其他大肠杆菌,如致病性大肠杆菌或侵袭性大肠杆菌,也可引起腹泻;前者导致水样腹泻,后者导致痢疾样腹泻。其他细菌,如弧菌,也许还有气单胞菌,也能分泌肠毒素。文中简要讨论了侵袭性生物和病毒的作用。预防措施相当难以捉摸,轻度病例的治疗通常是对症治疗。