Lawrence A M, Tan S, Hojvat S, Kirsteins L
Science. 1977 Jan 7;195(4273):70-2. doi: 10.1126/science.63992.
Extracts of homogenates of rat, mouse, rabbit, and human submaxillary salivary glands contain a significant quantity of a material with glucagon-like immunoreactivity. Fractionation of this material on columns of Sephadex G-100 reveals a single peak immediately following a gamma globulin marker but in advance of a rat growth hormone marker, crystalline amylase, and isotopically labeled porcine insulin and glucagon. This material, which is urea stable, shows identical immunoassay dilution curves when measured with the highly specific K-30 glucagon antiserum. Study of paired glands in vitro shows that low concentrations of glucose stimulate and high concentrations of glucose suppress release of this material. Arginine promotes brisk release in vitro. Somatostatin does not influence arginine-stimulated secretion and insignificantly suppresses basal release in vitro. These findings lend support to previous speculations that the salivary glands may possess endocrine as well as exocrine functions. Salivary gland glucagon may also be the source of circulating glucagon recently reported in pancreatectomized and eviscerated rats.
大鼠、小鼠、兔和人类下颌下唾液腺匀浆提取物含有大量具有胰高血糖素样免疫反应性的物质。该物质在葡聚糖凝胶G - 100柱上进行分级分离时，在γ球蛋白标记物之后、大鼠生长激素标记物、结晶淀粉酶以及同位素标记的猪胰岛素和胰高血糖素之前出现一个单一峰。这种物质对尿素稳定，用高度特异性的K - 30胰高血糖素抗血清检测时显示相同的免疫测定稀释曲线。体外对成对腺体的研究表明，低浓度葡萄糖刺激而高浓度葡萄糖抑制这种物质的释放。精氨酸在体外促进其快速释放。生长抑素不影响精氨酸刺激的分泌，且在体外对基础释放的抑制作用不显著。这些发现支持了先前的推测，即唾液腺可能具有内分泌和外分泌功能。唾液腺胰高血糖素也可能是最近报道的胰腺切除和内脏摘除大鼠循环中胰高血糖素的来源。
