Warren K, Dyer J, Merlin S, Kaliner M
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1983 Feb;71(2):206-11. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(83)90101-x.
Assessment of urinary histamine may prove useful in determining the role of histamine in human health and disease. Urinary histamine may be accurately estimated by a modified fluorometric assay employing diamine oxidase (DAO) digestion and cation-exchange chromatography. Normal urine histamine values obtained by this assay are: arithmetic means (+/- SEM), 8.6 +/- 0.6 ng/ml and 10.5 +/- 0.7 micrograms/24 hr; geometric means (+/- SEM), 6.2 +/- 1.1 ng/ml and 10.0 +/- 1.3 micrograms/24 hr. However, the radioisotopic-enzymatic assay is less expensive, easier to perform, and possibly more sensitive. Therefore the two procedures were compared. The radioenzyme assay was found to be affected by factors in urine (possibly salt concentrations) requiring extraction of histamine from urine by butanol-heptane. Moreover, it was found to be necessary to compare DAO-digested samples with undigested samples to accurately estimate histamine levels and to run the standard curve of histamine in DAO-digested urine. Even with these modifications, the radioenzyme assay was not as accurate as the fluorometric assay for urine samples having histamine values about 60 ng/ml. Therefore we recommend utilization of the modified fluorometric assay for the measurement of urinary histamine levels.
评估尿组胺可能有助于确定组胺在人类健康和疾病中的作用。尿组胺可以通过一种改良的荧光测定法进行准确估计，该方法采用二胺氧化酶（DAO）消化和阳离子交换色谱法。通过该测定法获得的正常尿组胺值为：算术平均值（±SEM），8.6±0.6 ng/ml和10.5±0.7微克/24小时；几何平均值（±SEM），6.2±1.1 ng/ml和10.0±1.3微克/24小时。然而，放射性同位素酶测定法成本较低，操作更简便，可能也更灵敏。因此对这两种方法进行了比较。发现放射性酶测定法受尿液中的因素（可能是盐浓度）影响，需要用丁醇 - 庚烷从尿液中提取组胺。此外，发现有必要将DAO消化的样品与未消化的样品进行比较，以准确估计组胺水平，并绘制DAO消化尿液中组胺的标准曲线。即使进行了这些改进，对于组胺值约为60 ng/ml的尿液样品，放射性酶测定法也不如荧光测定法准确。因此，我们建议使用改良的荧光测定法来测量尿组胺水平。
