Developmental cell interactions of Myxococcus xanthus: analysis of mutants.

A set of developmental mutants have been examined that behave as if defective in cellular interactions necessary for the formation of myxospores during fruiting body development. Sporulation is rescued in these mutants if they are mixed with wild-type cells. Complementation experiments with whole cells divide the mutants into four groups (A, B, C, and D). Mutants of group A appear to be less responsive to starvation, a condition that normally initiates development. Mutants of group D respond to starvation but fail to synthesize myxobacterial hemagglutinin, a protein normally synthesized midway in development. Mutants of groups B and C respond to starvation and synthesize hemagglutinin, but they can be distinguished genetically. Group C mutations all map in a single cluster near insertion omega 1519 of transposon Tn5, which is distant from group B mutations. Thus, each group represents a different defect in development. All of the mutants are induced to sporulate by glycerol. Therefore, we argue that sporulation during fruiting body development depends on several prior interactions between cells.