Riddiough M A, Sisk J E, Bell J C
JAMA. 1983 Jun 17;249(23):3189-95.
Cost-effectiveness analysis was used to evaluate influenza vaccination. From 1971-1972 through 1977-1978, vaccination of an elderly person 65 years of age or older saved net medical care costs while improving health. Vaccination of younger high-risk adults aged 15 through 64 years also improved health for a low net cost per year of healthy life gained. By covering influenza vaccination during those years, the Medicare program would have incurred a net cost for each vaccination of $13 per year of healthy life gained for medical costs connected with influenza and $791 per year gained including costs of treating other illnesses in later life. The analysis indicates the need for epidemiologic research on the extent of influenza and the mechanism of its spread. The results also raise the issue of public policy to promote influenza vaccination among high-risk persons as a low-cost, preventive technology.
成本效益分析被用于评估流感疫苗接种。从1971 - 1972年到1977 - 1978年，对65岁及以上老年人进行疫苗接种在改善健康状况的同时节省了净医疗费用。对15至64岁的年轻高危成年人进行疫苗接种，每获得一年健康生命的净成本较低，同时也改善了健康状况。在那些年里，医疗保险计划若涵盖流感疫苗接种，每接种一次疫苗，因流感相关医疗费用而获得一年健康生命的净成本为13美元，若包括治疗晚年其他疾病的费用，则每获得一年健康生命的净成本为791美元。该分析表明需要对流感的流行程度及其传播机制进行流行病学研究。研究结果还提出了公共政策问题，即作为一种低成本的预防技术，促进高危人群接种流感疫苗。
