Daugèras-Bernard N, Lachiver F
J Endocrinol. 1983 Jul;98(1):113-9. doi: 10.1677/joe.0.0980113.
The hypothesis of an action of the pituitary gland of the developing chick embryo in the transfer of iodide from the yolk of the egg to the circulation of the embryo, through the yolk sac, was tested. Plasma iodide levels and thyroidal iodine contents were determined in hypophysectomized (by partial decapitation), thiourea-injected and control embryos. From day 11 of incubation these parameters were always lower in the 'hypophysectomized' embryos than in controls, and plasma iodide levels of the thiourea-treated embryos were higher than those of controls. These results indicate a reduced iodide transfer from the yolk to the 'hypophysectomized' embryo, and an increased iodide transfer to the thiourea-treated embryo. This occurred in spite of a reduced thyroid hormonal secretion in both series. The pituitary gland could therefore have a direct action (not through the thyroid gland) at the yolk sac level, to augment the transfer of iodide from the yolk in intact embryos from day 11 to the end of incubation. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) could be the pituitary hormone acting at the yolk sac level, the increased iodide transfer observed in the thiourea-injected embryos being due to a raised TSH secretion responding to the decreased plasma thyroxine levels.
对发育中的鸡胚垂体在碘从卵黄经卵黄囊转运至胚胎循环过程中发挥作用的假说进行了检验。测定了经垂体切除（通过部分断头法）、注射硫脲的胚胎以及对照胚胎的血浆碘水平和甲状腺碘含量。从孵化第11天起，“垂体切除”胚胎的这些参数始终低于对照胚胎，而硫脲处理胚胎的血浆碘水平高于对照胚胎。这些结果表明，从卵黄到“垂体切除”胚胎的碘转运减少，而到硫脲处理胚胎的碘转运增加。尽管两组的甲状腺激素分泌均减少，但仍出现了这种情况。因此，垂体可能在卵黄囊水平具有直接作用（不通过甲状腺），以增强完整胚胎从孵化第11天到孵化结束时从卵黄中摄取碘的转运。促甲状腺激素（TSH）可能是在卵黄囊水平起作用的垂体激素，注射硫脲的胚胎中观察到的碘转运增加是由于血浆甲状腺素水平降低导致TSH分泌增加所致。
