Müller W A, Cüppers H J, Zimmermann-Telschow H, Micheli H, Wyss T, Renold A E, Berger M
Eur J Clin Invest. 1983 Apr;13(2):141-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2362.1983.tb00079.x.
Duodenopancreatectomy induces a severe glucagon deficiency and elevated plasma concentrations of alanine, aspartate, glycine, proline, serine, arginine, citrulline, ornithine, phenylalanine and tyrosine. Restoring high physiological plasma glucagon in six such patients by infusing 0.3 mg/24 h of exogenous glucagon reduced significantly (P less than 0.01 or 0.001) the mentioned amino acids (except phenylalanine) and further asparagine, glutamine, methionine and threonine. In six normal subjects the same infusion reduced significantly (P less than 0.05 to 0.001) plasma alanine, asparagine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, threonine, arginine, ornithine, lysine and tyrosine. However, the effect was significantly (P less than 0.01 or 0.001) less marked for alanine, glutamine, glycine, methionine, serine, threonine and arginine. This particular glucagon sensitivity of duodenopancreatectomized patients suggests that glucagon deficiency is the cause of their hyperaminacidaemia. By contrast, lipoprotein concentrations were virtually unaffected by either glucagon deficiency or its replacement. In the light of the marked hypoaminacidaemia in glucagonoma patients these results attribute to glucagon a major role as a regulator of protein metabolism.
十二指肠胰切除术会导致严重的胰高血糖素缺乏，并使血浆中丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、精氨酸、瓜氨酸、鸟氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸的浓度升高。通过静脉输注0.3mg/24h的外源性胰高血糖素，使6例此类患者恢复较高的生理性血浆胰高血糖素水平后，上述氨基酸（苯丙氨酸除外）以及天冬酰胺、谷氨酰胺、蛋氨酸和苏氨酸的水平显著降低（P<0.01或0.001）。在6名正常受试者中，同样的输注显著降低了血浆丙氨酸、天冬酰胺、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、精氨酸、鸟氨酸、赖氨酸和酪氨酸的水平（P<0.05至0.001）。然而，丙氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸和精氨酸的降低幅度明显较小（P<0.01或0.001）。十二指肠胰切除患者对胰高血糖素的这种特殊敏感性表明，胰高血糖素缺乏是其高氨基酸血症的原因。相比之下，脂蛋白浓度几乎不受胰高血糖素缺乏或补充的影响。鉴于胰高血糖素瘤患者存在明显的低氨基酸血症，这些结果表明胰高血糖素在蛋白质代谢调节中起主要作用。
