Leifer E D, Goldman J, Finnegan L P
NIDA Res Monogr. 1983 Apr;43:322-8.
Within our study population of 100 women for whom 3,980 urine toxicology reports were accomplished, 98 percent were multi-drug users. This proportion is far greater than would have been calculated from the percent of urines that were positive for the drugs of abuse and is a more realistic estimate of the extent of the problem than is often reported. Despite this high percentage of multi-drug use, due to the uniqueness of our patient population (pregnant women), it is not possible to deny them pharmacologic therapy for their addiction. Therefore, the use of urine toxicology reports in our clinical setting has broader implications than adherence to the methadone regulations. These reports serve as excellent devices to assess newborn abstinence symptomatology, in addition to helping us monitor the physical and psychological status of our patients. The implications are that self-medication may be used to achieve a particular effect concomitant with methadone therapy. The effects are generally to enhance the action of methadone and to decrease undesirable side effects.
在我们研究的100名女性群体中，共完成了3980份尿液毒理学报告，其中98%为多药使用者。这一比例远高于根据滥用药物呈阳性的尿液百分比所计算出的比例，是对该问题严重程度比通常报告更为现实的估计。尽管多药使用比例如此之高，但由于我们患者群体（孕妇）的特殊性，无法拒绝为她们的成瘾问题提供药物治疗。因此，在我们的临床环境中，尿液毒理学报告的用途比遵守美沙酮规定更为广泛。除了帮助我们监测患者的身体和心理状况外，这些报告还是评估新生儿戒断症状的极佳手段。这意味着自我用药可能被用于在美沙酮治疗的同时实现特定效果。其效果通常是增强美沙酮的作用并减少不良副作用。
