Barrett J E, Stanley J A
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1983;81(2):107-10. doi: 10.1007/BF00429001.
Morphine administration typically decreases responding of squirrel monkeys trained to avoid electric shock. However, the rate-decreasing effects of morphine on avoidance responding were reversed after either concurrent or prior exposure to a condition in which responding was maintained by shock presentation. These findings demonstrate that behavioral experience can play a significant role in determining the behavioral effects of drugs and that specific types of environmental conditions can completely reverse the usual effects those drugs have on behavior.
给予吗啡通常会降低经训练避免电击的松鼠猴的反应。然而，在同时或事先暴露于通过电击呈现来维持反应的条件后，吗啡对回避反应的速率降低作用被逆转。这些发现表明，行为经验在决定药物的行为效应方面可发挥重要作用，并且特定类型的环境条件可完全逆转这些药物对行为的通常影响。
