Taylor A E, Smith V
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1983;77(4):481-6. doi: 10.1016/0035-9203(83)90119-0.
A rapid and economical micro-counterimmunoelectrophoresis (MCIE) test, for antibody to trypanosome antigens, has been developed which may prove useful in trypanosomiasis surveillance. MCIE was more sensitive and more rapid than immunodiffusion (ID). Serum samples from trypanosome-infected rabbits and cattle (Nigerian and Gambian), from Kuwaiti dogs and camels, from Ivory Coast sleeping sickness patients, from Brazilian patients with Chagas's disease, plus mouse-anti-malaria sera have been tested by MCIE with Trypanosoma brucei, T. vivax, T. congolense and T. cruzi antigens. A few of the rabbit and the mice sera were also tested against Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica, Plasmodium berghei or P. chabaudi antigens. Whenever possible the MCIE results were compared with parasitological or other serological tests (ID; indirect fluorescent antibody test, IFAT; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA; complement fixation test, CFT or indirect haemagglutination test, IHAT). The MCIE test was not species specific but the homologous species reactions were more often positive than heterologous ones. Homologous species reactions, with rabbit sera, detected antibodies as early as 10 days after infection and developed more precipitin lines as the infection progressed. Trypanosomal antigens and antisera cross-reacted with those of other protozoa (E. histolytica, Tr. vaginalis, P. chabaudi, P. berghei, and Babesia sp. and Leishmania sp.) but such reactions required an antigen concentration 4 to 16 times greater than that required for homologous trypanosome reactions (a factor which might be exploited for identification of different species of trypanosome).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
已开发出一种用于检测锥虫抗原抗体的快速且经济的微量对流免疫电泳（MCIE）试验，该试验可能在锥虫病监测中证明有用。MCIE比免疫扩散（ID）更灵敏、更快速。已用布氏锥虫、活泼锥虫、刚果锥虫和克氏锥虫抗原，通过MCIE对来自感染锥虫的兔子和牛（尼日利亚和冈比亚）、科威特狗和骆驼、象牙海岸昏睡病患者、巴西恰加斯病患者的血清样本，以及小鼠抗疟疾血清进行了检测。还对一些兔子和小鼠血清针对阴道毛滴虫、溶组织内阿米巴、伯氏疟原虫或查巴迪疟原虫抗原进行了检测。只要有可能，就将MCIE结果与寄生虫学或其他血清学试验（ID；间接荧光抗体试验，IFAT；酶联免疫吸附测定，ELISA；补体结合试验，CFT或间接血凝试验，IHAT）进行比较。MCIE试验不是种特异性的，但同种反应比异种反应更常呈阳性。同种反应中，兔子血清在感染后10天就可检测到抗体，且随着感染进展会出现更多沉淀线。锥虫抗原和抗血清与其他原生动物（溶组织内阿米巴、阴道毛滴虫、查巴迪疟原虫、伯氏疟原虫、巴贝斯虫属和利什曼原虫属）的抗原和抗血清发生交叉反应，但这种反应所需的抗原浓度比同种锥虫反应所需浓度高4至16倍（这一因素可用于鉴定不同种类的锥虫）。
