Martins J K, Roedl G
J Occup Med. 1978 Apr;20(4):269-72.
Diarrhea causes considerable absenteeism and loss of working time among employees in the United States. One hundred employees with acute diarrhea at a Ford Motor Company plant were studied for four months to determine if loperamide hydrochloride treatment would control diarrheal symptoms, reduce absenteeism due to the condition, and be well-tolerated. Diarrhea was controlled with a median dosage of three capsules (6 mg total dose) and a range of two to 12 capsules. Ninety-six percent of the subjects were controlled after the first day, 98% by the third day. A statistically significant number were symptom free at their last clinical visits. Side effects were generally minor in nature. Substantially more than 1,000 man-hours of lost time were saved because of the treatment. Known drug dependents did not suffer from CNS effects or "highs". Loperamide acts directly on the intestinal wall to inhibit excessive peristalsis, thereby providing prompt, effective relief, with normal bowel patterns observed in these patients. The simple, individualized dosage is patient-oriented, rather than based on a fixed regimen. Because of its rapid onset of action, effective control of symptoms, low dosage, and being well-tolerated, loperamide meets the criteria for an effective antidiarrheal agent in industry.
在美国，腹泻导致员工大量缺勤和工作时间损失。对福特汽车公司一家工厂的100名急性腹泻员工进行了为期四个月的研究，以确定盐酸洛哌丁胺治疗是否能控制腹泻症状、减少因该病导致的缺勤，以及是否耐受性良好。腹泻通过中位剂量三粒胶囊（总剂量6毫克）得到控制，剂量范围为两粒至12粒胶囊。96%的受试者在第一天后症状得到控制，98%在第三天得到控制。在最后一次临床就诊时，有统计学意义的相当一部分受试者无症状。副作用一般较小。由于该治疗，节省了超过1000工时的损失时间。已知的药物依赖者未出现中枢神经系统效应或“快感”。洛哌丁胺直接作用于肠壁，抑制过度蠕动，从而迅速、有效地缓解症状，这些患者的肠道模式正常。简单、个体化的剂量以患者为导向，而非基于固定方案。由于其起效迅速、能有效控制症状、剂量低且耐受性良好，洛哌丁胺符合工业上有效止泻剂的标准。
