Katz U, Degani G, Gabbay S
J Exp Biol. 1984 Jan;108:403-9. doi: 10.1242/jeb.108.1.403.
Bufo viridis were acclimated to hyperosmotic solutions of NaCl, urea or mannitol. The toads could not be acclimated to mannitol solutions of osmotic strength higher than 300 mosmol kg-1 H2O, but could be acclimated easily to NaCl and urea higher than 500 mosmol kg-1 H2O. Water uptake diminished under mannitol acclimation while the apparent osmotic permeability under NaCl and urea acclimation increased. Urea and sodium influx across the isolated skin changed inversely upon hyperosmotic acclimation, but they did not seem to depend on one another. The adaptational advantages of the observed changes are discussed.
将绿蟾蜍置于氯化钠、尿素或甘露醇的高渗溶液中进行驯化。蟾蜍无法适应渗透压高于300毫摩尔每千克水的甘露醇溶液，但能轻松适应高于500毫摩尔每千克水的氯化钠和尿素溶液。在甘露醇驯化条件下，水分吸收减少，而在氯化钠和尿素驯化条件下，表观渗透通透性增加。高渗驯化后，尿素和钠通过离体皮肤的流入量呈反向变化，但它们似乎并不相互依赖。文中讨论了观察到的这些变化所具有的适应性优势。
