Zumpe V
Psychiatr Prax. 1978 Feb;5(1):1-13.
The article discusses the hospital laws of several land governments enacted subsequent to the hospital financing law of the Federal Government, in respect of the influence exercised by these laws on the internal structure of the hospital. The fact that the laws apply to all kinds of hospitals, and hence also to big psychiatric hospitals, is considered a disadvantage for psychiatric care. Such care is obviously hampered, on the one hand, by the legislative demand for departmentalization of the individual fields according to specialist subjects, representing a setup which is opposed to the realization of patient care in accordance with the requirements of the communities and citizens who expect to be cared for on an individual and not on a schematic basis, whereas, on the other hand, the new structures of management stipulated by the law do not provide for the inclusion of representatives of the new groups of professions now engaged in psychiatric activities. The model of regrouping the hospital structure into sectors instead of medical specialist departments, is presented and contrasted with the proposed model. It is recommended to arrange for representation of the non-medical and non-nursing professions in the managing boards, as well as to take into account the sociotherapeutico-rehabilitative interests as forming part of the conceptual approach to care in psychiatric hospitals, via special hospital committees.
本文讨论了联邦政府医院融资法颁布后，几个州政府制定的医院法，以及这些法律对医院内部结构的影响。这些法律适用于各类医院，因此也适用于大型精神病医院，这一事实被认为对精神科护理不利。一方面，这种护理显然受到阻碍，因为立法要求根据专业学科对各个领域进行部门化，这种设置与按照社区和公民的要求提供患者护理相违背，他们期望得到的是个性化而非模式化的护理；另一方面，法律规定的新管理结构没有考虑到现在从事精神科活动的新职业群体的代表。文中提出了将医院结构重新划分为部门而非医学专科部门的模式，并与提议的模式进行了对比。建议在管理委员会中安排非医学和非护理专业人员的代表，同时通过专门的医院委员会，将社会治疗和康复利益作为精神病医院护理概念方法的一部分加以考虑。
