Zusmer N R, Harwood S J, Pevsner N H, Janowitz W R, Serafini A N
South Med J. 1978 May;71(5):498-501. doi: 10.1097/00007611-197805000-00007.
Over a period of one year, 75 patients with jaundice were evaluated by grey scale ultrasonography. Intravenous cholangiography was attempted in 26 instances (bilirubin value greater than 4.3 mg/100 ml) and was diagnostic in only four. Ultrasound, on the other hand, was diagnostic for surgical jaundice in 62 of the 75 cases (82%). In 52 of the 62 patients a cause for the extrahepatic obstruction was demonstrated: 40 had cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis, and 12 had tumors (11 pancreatic tumors, one lymphoma). In the remaining ten instances, obstruction was sonographically demonstrated but the cause was not. Of these, four patients were subsequently proven to have distal common duct stones, five had carcinoma of the pancreas and one had cholangiocarcinoma. This evidence indicates that ultrasound should be the noninvasive procedure of choice in the clinical assessment of obstructive jaundice.
在一年的时间里，对75例黄疸患者进行了灰阶超声检查。在26例患者中（胆红素值大于4.3mg/100ml）尝试进行了静脉胆管造影，其中只有4例具有诊断价值。另一方面，超声在75例患者中的62例（82%）诊断出了外科黄疸。在这62例患者中的52例中，发现了肝外梗阻的原因：40例有胆石症和胆总管结石，12例有肿瘤（11例胰腺肿瘤，1例淋巴瘤）。在其余10例中，超声显示有梗阻，但病因不明。其中，4例患者随后被证实有胆总管远端结石，5例有胰腺癌，1例有胆管癌。这一证据表明，在阻塞性黄疸的临床评估中，超声应是首选的非侵入性检查方法。
