Pollack M
Rev Infect Dis. 1984 Sep-Oct;6 Suppl 3:S617-26. doi: 10.1093/clinids/6.supplement_3.s617.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen whose adaptability, ubiquitousness, and pathogenicity are closely related. Both cell-associated and extracellular products of P. aeruginosa contribute to its virulence. Surface structures, including pili and the polysaccharide capsule or glycocalyx, appear to mediate the initial attachment of P. aeruginosa to its prospective host, thus permitting colonization. Extracellular enzymes such as alkaline protease, elastase, phospholipase C, and exotoxin A degrade infected tissues and promote bacterial invasion. When dissemination occurs, systemic disease results, often with fatal consequences. Although extracellular enzymes of P. aeruginosa figure prominently in local disease processes, exotoxin A and endotoxin are primarily responsible for systemic disease. The most protective antibodies presently known are directed toward the nontoxic portions of P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharides that serve no known virulence function per se. However, there is preliminary evidence that the protective activity of these opsonic antibodies may be augmented by toxin-neutralizing antibodies directed toward the lipid A moiety of endotoxin and exotoxin A.
铜绿假单胞菌是一种机会致病菌，其适应性、广泛存在性和致病性密切相关。铜绿假单胞菌的细胞相关产物和细胞外产物都对其毒力有影响。表面结构，包括菌毛、多糖荚膜或糖萼，似乎介导了铜绿假单胞菌与潜在宿主的初始附着，从而实现定植。细胞外酶如碱性蛋白酶、弹性蛋白酶、磷脂酶C和外毒素A会降解受感染组织并促进细菌入侵。当发生播散时，就会导致全身性疾病，常常带来致命后果。虽然铜绿假单胞菌的细胞外酶在局部疾病过程中起重要作用，但外毒素A和内毒素是全身性疾病的主要病因。目前已知的最具保护作用的抗体是针对铜绿假单胞菌脂多糖的无毒部分，这些部分本身并无已知的毒力功能。然而，有初步证据表明，针对内毒素和外毒素A的脂质A部分的毒素中和抗体可能会增强这些调理素抗体的保护活性。
