Ingram L O, Dickens B F, Buttke T M
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1980;126:299-337. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3632-7_24.
Chronic exposure of E. coli to ethanol during growth resulted in major changes in lipid composition. These ethanol-induced changes, a decrease in the proportion of saturated fatty acids, are similar to those which occur following a shift to lower temperature. Products of ethanol metabolism such as acetaldehyde and acetate caused the opposite changes in fatty acid composition. In vivo studies using mutants blocked in lipid synthesis indicated that saturated fatty acid synthesis was the primary target leading to changes in bulk lipid fatty acid composition. This was confirmed in vitro and condensing enzyme II was identified as the probable site of ethanol inhibition. The acute affects of ethanol on the function of two membrane-bound enzymes, Mg++ATPase and lac permease were also examined. In both cases, cells grown in the presence of ethanol. In time-course studies, permease function was restored concurrently with changes in lipid composition. Mutants were isolated which were able to grow in the presence of high levels of ethanol. These mutants displayed exaggerated changes in lipid composition providing evidence that alcohol-resistance and fatty acid changes are related.
在生长过程中，大肠杆菌长期暴露于乙醇会导致脂质组成发生重大变化。这些由乙醇诱导的变化，即饱和脂肪酸比例的降低，与温度降低后发生的变化相似。乙醇代谢产物如乙醛和乙酸会导致脂肪酸组成发生相反的变化。使用脂质合成受阻的突变体进行的体内研究表明，饱和脂肪酸合成是导致总体脂质脂肪酸组成变化的主要靶点。这在体外得到了证实，并且缩合酶II被确定为乙醇抑制的可能位点。还研究了乙醇对两种膜结合酶Mg++ATPase和乳糖通透酶功能的急性影响。在这两种情况下，细胞都是在乙醇存在下生长的。在时间进程研究中，通透酶功能随着脂质组成的变化而同时恢复。分离出了能够在高浓度乙醇存在下生长的突变体。这些突变体在脂质组成上表现出夸张的变化，这证明了抗酒精性和脂肪酸变化是相关的。
