Russell E W
Percept Mot Skills. 1980 Aug;51(1):121-2. doi: 10.2466/pms.1980.51.1.121.
In the 1940's two forms of intelligence, fluid and crystallized, were postulated. Active mental processing (WAIS performance subtests) were fluid while well learned abilities (WAIS verbal subtests) were crystallized. Brain damage was considered to affect fluid abilities more than crystallized. WAIS scores comparing normal and diffusely organically damaged subjects indicated that, as hypothesized, the verbal subtests were more affected than the performance subtests.
20世纪40年代，人们假设了两种智力形式：流体智力和晶体智力。积极的心理加工（韦氏成人智力量表操作分测验）属于流体智力，而熟练掌握的能力（韦氏成人智力量表言语分测验）属于晶体智力。人们认为脑损伤对流体能力的影响比对晶体能力的影响更大。比较正常人和弥漫性器质性损伤患者的韦氏成人智力量表得分表明，正如所假设的那样，言语分测验比操作分测验受到的影响更大。
