Allen N K, Mirocha C J, Weaver G, Aakhus-Allen S, Bates F
Poult Sci. 1981 Jan;60(1):124-31. doi: 10.3382/ps.0600124.
A total of 168 broiler chickens (6 to 9 weeks of age) and 192 turkey poults (3-1/2 to 6-1/2 weeks of age) were fed purified zearalenone at levels of 0 (control), 10, 25 (turkeys only), 50, 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg diet for a 3 week period to evaluate its toxicity. Dietary zearalenone had no effect on body weight gain, feed consumption, weights of liver, heart, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius, serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and cholesterol, hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, white blood cell count, and differential leukocyte count in both chickens and turkeys. Male broiler comb and testes weights were reduced by high levels of zearalenone. Female comb weight, broiler oviduct weight, and turkey testes and ovaries were unaffected by zearalenone. Histopathological examination of tissues revealed no change due to zearalenone. Male turkeys fed 400 and 800 mg/kg zearalenone had increased development of dewlaps and caruncles and exhibited considerable strutting behavior. Muscle and fat tissue from broilers fed 800 mg/kg zearalenone had no detectable estrogenic activity as measured by mouse uterine bioassay. These studies indicate that the effects of dietary zearalenone on finishing broilers and young growing turkey poults are minimal.
总共168只肉鸡（6至9周龄）和192只小火鸡（3.5至6.5周龄）被饲喂添加了0（对照）、10、25（仅针对火鸡）、50、100、200、400和800毫克/千克玉米赤霉烯酮的纯化日粮，为期3周，以评估其毒性。日粮中的玉米赤霉烯酮对肉鸡和火鸡的体重增加、采食量、肝脏、心脏、脾脏和法氏囊重量、血清钙、磷、碱性磷酸酶、总蛋白和胆固醇、血细胞比容、血红蛋白、红细胞计数、白细胞计数以及白细胞分类计数均无影响。高水平的玉米赤霉烯酮会使雄性肉鸡的鸡冠和睾丸重量减轻。雌性鸡冠重量、肉鸡输卵管重量以及火鸡的睾丸和卵巢不受玉米赤霉烯酮的影响。组织的组织病理学检查未发现玉米赤霉烯酮导致的变化。饲喂400和800毫克/千克玉米赤霉烯酮的雄性火鸡肉垂和肉阜发育增加，并表现出明显的昂首阔步行为。通过小鼠子宫生物测定法测量，饲喂800毫克/千克玉米赤霉烯酮的肉鸡的肌肉和脂肪组织未检测到雌激素活性。这些研究表明，日粮中的玉米赤霉烯酮对育成肉鸡和幼小火鸡的影响极小。
