Kerner J F, Alexander J
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1981 Apr;62(4):161-6.
The inter-rater reliability and criterion validity of gross vs specific ratings of activities of daily living (ADL) were compared. Forty-three physical therapy students rated 6 patients performing 16 ADL on videotape. With controls for tape order presentation and order of protocol use, specific ratings were found to be more reliable than gross ratings in terms of total scores, transfers, and personal hygiene activities. Dressing activities were found to be reliably rated on both protocols, but locomotion activities presented problems on both. In terms of criterion validity, both protocols significantly differentiated dependent, middle-range, and independent patients, but the gross ratings were significantly lower for dependent and middle-range patients than specific protocols. It was concluded that when activities can be broken down into independent task components, specific protocols are the assessment method of choice. When activities are made up of highly interdependent task components, a behaviorially anchored gross rating protocol may be more effective. Implications for further research are discussed.
比较了日常生活活动（ADL）总体评分与特定评分的评分者间信度和效标效度。43名物理治疗专业学生对录像中6名进行16项ADL的患者进行了评分。在控制录像呈现顺序和方案使用顺序的情况下，发现就总分、转移和个人卫生活动而言，特定评分比总体评分更可靠。两种方案对穿衣活动的评分都具有可靠性，但两种方案在移动活动方面都存在问题。在效标效度方面，两种方案都能显著区分依赖型、中等程度依赖型和独立型患者，但依赖型和中等程度依赖型患者的总体评分显著低于特定方案。得出的结论是，当活动可以分解为独立的任务组成部分时，特定方案是首选的评估方法。当活动由高度相互依赖的任务组成部分构成时，行为锚定的总体评分方案可能更有效。讨论了对进一步研究的启示。
