Dixon J K
Res Nurs Health. 1981 Sep;4(3):299-308. doi: 10.1002/nur.4770040305.
Relationships between attitudes toward self and attitudes toward handicapped persons based on semantic differentials and social distance measures for one nonhandicapped and five handicapped subsamples (N = 142) are presented. Among persons characterized by amputation, spinal cord injury, or stroke, over one third of the variation in evaluation of self was accounted for by evaluation of persons with handicaps like one's own. Among persons characterized by arthritis or emotional disturbance and among the nonhandicapped, evaluation of self was most closely related to evaluation for the average person. These results indicate strong group identification on the part of persons with more visible handicaps and a tendency toward dissociation on the part of those with less visible handicaps. The finding of high levels of identification within three of the five conditions studied suggests that group techniques may be beneficial in dealing with stigma and quality-of-life issues; the finding of dissociation among persons with other conditions suggests that such techniques should be employed with caution.
本文呈现了基于语义差异和社会距离测量，针对一个非残疾样本和五个残疾子样本（N = 142）所进行的自我态度与对残疾人态度之间的关系。在以截肢、脊髓损伤或中风为特征的人群中，自我评估中超过三分之一的变异可由对自身类似残疾人群的评估来解释。在以关节炎或情绪障碍为特征的人群以及非残疾人群中，自我评估与对普通人的评估最为密切相关。这些结果表明，有更明显残疾的人群具有强烈的群体认同感，而残疾不太明显的人群则有疏离倾向。在所研究的五个条件中的三个条件下发现的高度认同感表明，群体技术可能有助于应对耻辱感和生活质量问题；在其他条件的人群中发现的疏离感表明，应谨慎使用此类技术。
