Teplin S W, Howard J A, O'Connor M J
Dev Med Child Neurol. 1981 Dec;23(6):730-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.1981.tb02061.x.
Several measures of self-concept and self-esteem were applied to a sample of 15 'mainstreamed', upper-middle-class, cerebral-palsied children aged between four and eight years, and to 15 matched controls. Over-all self-concept scores were similar for both groups, although they tended to be lower for the handicapped group. Teachers rated the handicapped children as having lower self-esteem than the controls in the classroom, but behavioral ratings by parents of their own children at home revealed no group differences in self-esteem. These tentative findings, supplemented by interview data, support the hypothesis that children with cerebral palsy begin to regard themselves as different as early as four years of age. However, these self-views and their potentially negative effects on self-esteem do not appear to crystallize until the children are in the primary grades at school.
对15名年龄在4至8岁之间、“随班就读”的中上层阶级脑瘫儿童样本以及15名匹配的对照组儿童，应用了几种自我概念和自尊的测量方法。两组的总体自我概念得分相似，尽管残疾组的得分往往较低。教师评定残疾儿童在课堂上的自尊低于对照组，但家长对自己孩子在家中的行为评定显示，两组在自尊方面没有差异。这些初步发现，再加上访谈数据，支持了这样一种假设，即脑瘫儿童早在4岁时就开始认为自己与众不同。然而，这些自我认知及其对自尊的潜在负面影响，似乎直到儿童进入小学低年级时才会形成。
