新热带区蝙蝠的委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒感染。III. 病毒排泄及非节肢动物传播的实验研究

Venezuelan encephalitis virus infection in neotropical bats. III. Experimental studies on virus excretion and non-arthropod transmission.

作者信息

Seymour C, Dickerman R W

出版信息

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1978 Mar;27(2 Pt 1):307-12. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1978.27.307.

DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.1978.27.307

Abstract

A total of 80 Neotropical bats of five species was inoculated with one of four strains of Venezuelan encephalitis (VE) virus. Virus was detected in the oropharynges of 56% of bats, and most regularly in Artibeus jamaicensis (75%). Titers of virus in oropharyngeal secretions were occasionally very high (8.5 log10 SMicLD50/ml in one A. jamaicensis). Only 2 of 123 urine samples from 50 bats and 2 of 86 fecal samples from 46 bats yielded VE virus. No contact or aerosol virus transmission from bat to bat was detected. VE virus passed transplacentally from two infected mothers to their fetuses, which were aborted. Virus did not pass from one infected mother to her nursing young.

摘要

总共80只分属于5个物种的新热带区蝙蝠接种了4种委内瑞拉脑炎（VE）病毒株中的一种。在56%的蝙蝠口咽中检测到病毒，最常见于 Jamaicensis 果蝠（75%）。口咽分泌物中的病毒滴度偶尔非常高（一只 Jamaicensis 果蝠中为8.5 log10 SMicLD50/ml）。来自50只蝙蝠的123份尿液样本中只有2份以及来自46只蝙蝠的86份粪便样本中只有2份检测出VE病毒。未检测到蝙蝠之间通过接触或气溶胶传播病毒。VE病毒经胎盘从两只受感染的母蝙蝠传播给它们的胎儿，这些胎儿流产。病毒未从一只受感染的母蝙蝠传播给其正在哺乳的幼崽。