Menne T
Derm Beruf Umwelt. 1981;29(6):156-60.
The recommended patch test procedure for nickel allergy with 5% NiSO4 in petrolatum was evaluated in a total of 169 female twins selected on the basis of a positive history of metal sensitivity. At the time of the evaluation most of them were healthy without current dermatitis. Of 88 female twins with a history of nickel sensitivity 62 (72%) had positive reactions after patch tests with 5% NiSO4 in petrolatum. In the remaining 26 the loss of epicutaneous reactivity was independent of age and time lapsed since the last episode of clinical dermatitis, and it did not occur more often in monozygotic than in dizygotic pairs. The number of negative reactions was greater after an exposure time of only 24 h than after 48 h. In 103 consecutive patients 2.5% NiSO4 in 50% DMSO or 5% NiCl in petrolatum were evaluated as possible alternative test substances. These tests produced a large number of irritant reactions and are therefore not suitable for routine use. One patient with a positive history of nickel allergy reacted negatively with 5% NiSO4 in petrolatum but had a true positive reaction with 5% NiCl. Obviously, 5% NiSO4 may give false negative reactions, and alternative test substances can therefore be useful in selected cases. In the present twin material positive nickel patch tests did not produce "angry back" reactions.
对169名有金属过敏史的女性双胞胎进行了评估，以确定使用含5%硫酸镍的凡士林进行镍过敏斑贴试验的推荐程序。评估时，她们大多数身体健康，无当前皮炎。在88名有镍过敏史的女性双胞胎中，62名（72%）在使用含5%硫酸镍的凡士林进行斑贴试验后出现阳性反应。在其余26名中，表皮反应性丧失与年龄及自上次临床皮炎发作以来的时间无关，且在同卵双胞胎中出现的频率并不高于异卵双胞胎。仅暴露24小时后的阴性反应数量多于暴露48小时后的阴性反应数量。对103名连续患者评估了50%二甲基亚砜中含2.5%硫酸镍或凡士林中含5%氯化镍作为可能的替代试验物质。这些试验产生了大量刺激性反应，因此不适合常规使用。一名有镍过敏阳性史的患者对含5%硫酸镍的凡士林反应为阴性，但对5%氯化镍有真正的阳性反应。显然，5%硫酸镍可能会产生假阴性反应，因此替代试验物质在某些特定情况下可能有用。在目前的双胞胎样本中，镍斑贴试验阳性并未产生“背部红肿”反应。
