Tryba M, Zevounou F, Zenz M
Anaesthesist. 1984 May;33(5):218-23.
The effect of combined intramuscular premedication with H1 + H2-receptor-antagonists on histamine-induced cardiovascular and cutaneous reactions was studied in 8 volunteers in a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind crossover trial and compared with premedication with H1-receptor antagonist alone and with the histamine-induced effects without premedication. As H1-receptor antagonist the volunteers received 0.5 mg/kg promethazine i.m. 45 min before the start of histamine infusion; as H2-receptor antagonist we used 400 mg cimetidine i.m. 120 min before application of histamine. While the premedication with promethazine alone could prevent histamine-induced tachycardia, fall of blood pressure and cutaneous reactions only partially, these reactions were almost completely prevented by combined premedication. Like intravenous application of H1 + H2-receptor antagonists shortly injected before induction of anesthesia, intramuscular premedication with promethazine and cimetidine can prevent anaphylactoid reactions. In contrast to intravenous application, the latter application is also effective in reducing the risk of acid aspiration syndrome and as a sedative.
在一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲交叉试验中，对8名志愿者研究了H1+H2受体拮抗剂联合肌内注射术前用药对组胺诱导的心血管和皮肤反应的影响，并将其与单独使用H1受体拮抗剂术前用药以及未进行术前用药时组胺诱导的效应进行了比较。作为H1受体拮抗剂，志愿者在组胺输注开始前45分钟接受0.5mg/kg异丙嗪肌内注射；作为H2受体拮抗剂，我们在应用组胺前120分钟使用400mg西咪替丁肌内注射。单独使用异丙嗪术前用药只能部分预防组胺诱导的心动过速、血压下降和皮肤反应，而联合术前用药几乎可以完全预防这些反应。与在麻醉诱导前短时间静脉注射H1+H2受体拮抗剂一样，异丙嗪和西咪替丁肌内注射术前用药可以预防类过敏反应。与静脉注射不同，后者在降低酸误吸综合征风险和作为镇静剂方面也有效。
