Szymonowicz W, Schafler K, Cussen L J, Yu V Y
Arch Dis Child. 1984 Jul;59(7):637-42. doi: 10.1136/adc.59.7.637.
The diagnostic accuracy of cerebral ultrasound for periventricular haemorrhage was determined by comparing this with necropsy findings in 30 preterm neonates of 30 weeks' gestation or less and birthweight under 1500 g. Ultrasound gave an accurate diagnosis of 85% in infants with germinal layer haemorrhage, 92% in intraventricular haemorrhage, and 97% in intracerebral haemorrhage. False positive errors were caused by vascular congestion; false negative errors occurred when the maximum dimension of haemorrhage was less than 3 mm. Cerebral ultrasound gave a diagnostic accuracy of 63% for periventricular leucomalacia. False negative errors occurred when periventricular leucomalacia was microscopic or when it was out of range of the scanner. The maximum width of the germinal layer was measured in 77 neonates of gestational age 23 to 36 weeks who died and had no periventricular haemorrhage at necropsy. The progressive involution of the germinal layer with increasing gestational age paralleled the steady decrease in incidence of periventricular haemorrhage diagnosed over the same gestational age range. Neonates of the youngest gestational age who had the most extensive germinal layers also had the highest risk for periventricular haemorrhage.
通过将脑超声检查结果与30例妊娠30周及以下、出生体重低于1500克的早产新生儿的尸检结果进行比较，确定了脑超声对脑室周围出血的诊断准确性。脑超声对生发层出血婴儿的诊断准确率为85%，脑室内出血为92%，脑内出血为97%。假阳性错误是由血管充血引起的；当出血的最大直径小于3毫米时会出现假阴性错误。脑超声对脑室周围白质软化的诊断准确率为63%。当脑室周围白质软化在显微镜下可见或超出扫描仪范围时，会出现假阴性错误。对77例妊娠23至36周死亡且尸检时无脑室周围出血的新生儿测量了生发层的最大宽度。随着胎龄增加，生发层逐渐退化，这与同一胎龄范围内诊断出的脑室周围出血发病率稳步下降情况相似。胎龄最小、生发层最广泛的新生儿发生脑室周围出血的风险也最高。
