Bohman M, Cloninger C R, von Knorring A L, Sigvardsson S
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984 Sep;41(9):872-8. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1984.01790200054007.
The genetic and environmental antecedents of two clinically distinct somatoform disorders were compared in 859 Swedish women adopted at an early age by nonrelatives. The characteristics of both the biological and adoptive parents of high-frequency "somatizers" were different from those of diversiform somatizers. The risk of diversiform somatization was increased in the adopted-away daughters of men treated for male-limited (type 2) alcoholism, but not in daughters of milieu-limited (type 1) alcoholics. In contrast, the biological fathers of high-frequency somatizers often had a history of recurrent convictions for violent crimes since adolescence, but no treatment for alcoholism. Similarly, alcohol abuse by the adoptive father was associated with increased risk of diversiform but not high-frequency somatization. Thus, high-frequency and diversiform somatization are not only clinically distinct, but also have different genetic and environmental backgrounds. The association of diversiform somatization with male-limited alcoholism, and not with milieu-limited alcoholism, also provides independent support for our earlier distinction between these two types of alcoholism.
在859名自幼被非亲属收养的瑞典女性中，对两种临床症状不同的躯体形式障碍的遗传和环境诱因进行了比较。高频“躯体化者”的生身父母和养父养母的特征与多种躯体化者不同。患男性特发性（2型）酒精中毒的男性的养女出现多种躯体化的风险增加，但患环境性（1型）酒精中毒者的女儿则不然。相反，高频躯体化者的生身父亲自青少年期起常有暴力犯罪的多次定罪记录，但未接受过酒精中毒治疗。同样，养父的酗酒行为与多种而非高频躯体化风险增加有关。因此，高频和多种躯体化不仅在临床上不同，而且具有不同的遗传和环境背景。多种躯体化与男性特发性酒精中毒而非环境性酒精中毒的关联，也为我们之前对这两种酒精中毒类型的区分提供了独立支持。
