Moulinoux J P, Le Calve M, Quemener V, Quash G
Biochimie. 1984 May;66(5):385-93. doi: 10.1016/0300-9084(84)90022-1.
Polyamines are mainly transported in the blood by erythrocytes: Putrescine, spermidine and spermine can be taken up in vitro by red blood cells (RBC); their entry is greater in the presence of serum than in the presence of plasma, and spermine entry is lower than that observed for the two other polyamines. In the presence of serum, the affinity of RBC for spermidine is 30 fold greater than that for putrescine. The majority of RBC polyamines are present in the hemolysate and are not complexed to high molecular weight material. At + 4 degrees C the polyamine uptake is considerably reduced and for putrescine and spermine practically non existent, but it seems that it is internalization rather than binding which constitutes the dependent step. Though intracellular spermidine and spermine levels reflect differences in uptake rather than in outward flux across the cell membrane, the values of putrescine appear to be the resultant of influx and efflux. The presence of specific receptor sites for polyamines visualized by SEM on the surface of RBC using latex-putrescine spheres, confirms the results obtained with labelled polyamines. Therefore, only the understanding of the polyamine repartition inside the blood compartments would permit the clinical use of those molecules as non statistical tumor markers.
腐胺、亚精胺和精胺在体外可被红细胞（RBC）摄取；在血清存在下它们的进入量比在血浆存在下更大，且精胺的进入量低于另外两种多胺。在血清存在下，RBC对亚精胺的亲和力比对腐胺的亲和力大30倍。大多数RBC多胺存在于溶血产物中，且不与高分子量物质结合。在4℃时，多胺摄取量显著降低，对于腐胺和精胺实际上不存在摄取，但似乎构成依赖步骤的是内化而非结合。尽管细胞内亚精胺和精胺水平反映的是摄取差异而非跨细胞膜的外向通量差异，但腐胺的值似乎是流入和流出的结果。使用乳胶 - 腐胺球体通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）在RBC表面观察到多胺特异性受体位点的存在，证实了用标记多胺获得的结果。因此，只有了解血液各部分内多胺的分布情况，才可能将这些分子作为非统计学肿瘤标志物用于临床。
