Galambos R, Hicks G E, Wilson M J
Ear Hear. 1984 Jul-Aug;5(4):254-60. doi: 10.1097/00003446-198407000-00011.
Babies (N = 642) were tested for auditory disorder, using the auditory brain stem response (ABR), at the time of their discharge from a tertiary intensive care nursery (ICN). Of those with ABR threshold elevation in one or both ears (N = 97), 61% (N = 59) were retested some months later by a battery of audiological tests; 21 (N = 3.3% of the 642) suffered binaural peripheral loss and 11 (1.7%) now wear hearing aids. These new data, when combined with similar data previously reported from the same ICN, yield a sample of 1613 babies examined during a 5.8-year period from which these conclusions emerge: (1) About 16% of our ICN babies leave the hospital with reduced sensitivity in one or both ears; (2) the hearing deficiency is permanent for 8 to 10%; (3) the loss is sensorineural, bilateral, and so severe for about 4% that hearing aids will be required to optimize their language and psychosocial development. Use of the ABR procedure for neonatal hearing testing is the target of several criticisms: it is being applied too early in life; its predictions about permanent hearing loss are unacceptably inaccurate; or/and it is too costly. We discuss these and still other objections that have been raised.
642名婴儿在从三级重症监护病房（ICN）出院时，通过听性脑干反应（ABR）测试听觉障碍。在一只或两只耳朵ABR阈值升高的婴儿中（N = 97），61%（N = 59）在几个月后接受了一系列听力测试的复测；21名（占642名的3.3%）患有双耳外周性听力损失，11名（1.7%）现在佩戴助听器。这些新数据与之前同一ICN报告的类似数据相结合，得出了一个在5.8年期间检查的1613名婴儿的样本，从中得出以下结论：（1）我们ICN中约16%的婴儿出院时一只或两只耳朵的听力敏感度降低；（2）8%至10%的听力缺陷是永久性的；（3）约4%的听力损失是感音神经性、双侧性的，且非常严重，需要佩戴助听器以优化其语言和心理社会发展。使用ABR程序进行新生儿听力测试受到了一些批评：它在婴儿生命中应用得太早；它对永久性听力损失的预测准确性令人无法接受；或者/并且成本太高。我们讨论了这些以及其他提出的反对意见。
