Baran R, Haneke E
Hautarzt. 1984 Jul;35(7):359-65.
Melanonychia striata longitudinalis is due to a focal increase in number and/or activity of melanocytes in the nail matrix, resulting in the continuous production of large amounts of melanin which are transferred to the nail cells and grow out with the nail plate. Histologically, either benign melanocytic hyperplasia, lentigo simplex, nevocellular nevus, atypical melanocytic hyperplasia or acral lentiginous melanoma may be found. Longitudinal pigmented streaks in the nails of Caucasians tend to be malignant rather than benign. Thus a biopsy for proper histological diagnosis is strongly advised. Melanonychia striata may also occur as a symptom of rare syndromes and diseases or be due to therapy. Differentiating this condition from subungual hematoma and infections with chromogenic bacteria and fungi may be difficult.
纵向黑甲是由于甲母质中黑素细胞数量和/或活性局部增加，导致持续产生大量黑色素，这些黑色素转移到甲细胞并随甲板生长。组织学上，可发现良性黑素细胞增生、单纯性雀斑样痣、细胞痣、非典型黑素细胞增生或肢端雀斑样痣黑素瘤。白种人指甲上的纵向色素条纹往往是恶性而非良性的。因此，强烈建议进行活检以获得正确的组织学诊断。纵向黑甲也可能作为罕见综合征和疾病的症状出现或由治疗引起。将这种情况与甲下血肿以及产色细菌和真菌感染相鉴别可能很困难。
