Mufson E J, Mesulam M M
J Comp Neurol. 1984 Jul 20;227(1):109-20. doi: 10.1002/cne.902270112.
Thalamic connections of the insula in the rhesus monkey were studied with axonal transport methods. Tritiated amino acid injections limited to the insula revealed autoradiographic label in the principal and parvicellular components of the ventroposterior medial nucleus, the ventroposterior inferior nucleus, the oral and medial pulvinar nuclei, the nucleus reuniens, the parvicellular and magnocellular components of the medial dorsal nucleus, the centromedian-parafasicularis nuclei, and the reticular nucleus. In additional animals, tritiated amino acids and horseradish perioxidase injections were made within different regions of the insula. Although the injection sites in these additional cases may have included minor extensions into claustrum and adjacent structures, several tentative conclusions emerged with respect to the antero-posterior gradient in insulothalamic connectivity. The anterior insula appears to have a more extensive relationship with the ventroposterior medial complex, the medial dorsal nucleus, the centromedian-parafasicularis nuclei and with some midline nuclei. In contrast, the posterior insula is more extensively connected with the ventroposterior inferior nucleus, the oral and medial pulvinar nuclei, and the suprageniculate nucleus. The patterns of insulothalamic connections support conclusions derived from observations on the cortical connectivity of the primate insular cortex indicating that the anterior insula is related to olfactory, gustatory, and viscero-autonomic behavior, whereas the posterior insula is related to auditory-somesthetic-skeletomotor function (Mesulam and Mufson, '82b). The medial pulvinar nucleus has extensive connections with many paralimbic cortical regions including the insula as well as with high order polymodal association cortex. These findings suggest that the medial pulvinar may provide a region for the convergence of multisensory association input with limbic information.
采用轴突运输法研究了恒河猴脑岛的丘脑连接。将氚化氨基酸注射局限于脑岛，在腹后内侧核、腹后下核、嘴侧和内侧丘脑枕核、连合核、背内侧核的小细胞和大细胞部、中央中-束旁核以及网状核的主要和小细胞成分中发现了放射自显影标记。在另外的动物中，将氚化氨基酸和辣根过氧化物酶注射到脑岛的不同区域。尽管在这些额外的实验中注射部位可能轻微延伸到屏状核和相邻结构，但就脑岛-丘脑连接的前后梯度得出了几个初步结论。脑岛前部似乎与腹后内侧复合体、背内侧核、中央中-束旁核以及一些中线核有更广泛的联系。相反，脑岛后部与腹后下核、嘴侧和内侧丘脑枕核以及上膝状体核有更广泛的连接。脑岛-丘脑连接模式支持了从对灵长类脑岛皮质的皮质连接观察得出的结论，即脑岛前部与嗅觉、味觉和内脏自主行为有关，而脑岛后部与听觉-躯体感觉-骨骼运动功能有关（Mesulam和Mufson，1982b）。内侧丘脑枕核与许多边缘旁皮质区域包括脑岛以及与高级多模式联合皮质有广泛的连接。这些发现表明内侧丘脑枕核可能为多感觉联合输入与边缘系统信息的汇聚提供一个区域。
