Kraĉun I, Rösner H, Cosović C, Stavljenić A
J Neurochem. 1984 Oct;43(4):979-89. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb12833.x.
Forty different brain samples, consisting of neocortical, archicortical, and paleocortical areas; telencephalic, diencephalic, and mesencephalic subcortical nuclei; and the cerebellum as well as some of the corresponding white matter bundles were analyzed with respect to total content of ganglioside-sialic acid and the ganglioside pattern. The total content of gangliosides seems to depend mainly on the proportions of gray and white matter. Thus, neocortical areas, which are rich in gray matter, have a four- to fivefold higher ganglioside content (per milligram of protein) than white matter-rich samples such as optic chiasm, capsula interna, or corpus callosum. White matter-rich regions, although very heterogeneous in ganglioside composition, are further characterized by appreciable amounts of the myelin-enriched GM4. In the neocortex a remarkable degree of regional pattern differences was revealed. In the frontal and parietal areas there is a moderate, and in the temporal region a strong preponderance of sialic acid bound to gangliosides of the a-pathway (GD1a, GM1). In contrast, the occipital cortex favors the b-pathway of ganglioside synthesis (GQ1b, GT1b, GD1b). A predominance of "b-gangliosides" was found in all structures that are related to the visual system (optic chiasm, pulvinar-thalamus, superior colliculi, visual cortex) as well as in the cerebellum and the nucleus ruber. All diencephalic nuclei tend to favor slightly "b-gangliosides," while the mesencephalic nuclei are very heterogeneous in their ganglioside composition. A preponderance of "a-gangliosides" was found in the periamygdalar cortex, putamen, inferior colliculi, substantia nigra, frontal white matter, internal capsule, globus pallidus, basal nucleus of Meynert, and corpus callosum as well as in the frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices. An exceptional predominance of GM1 and GD1a was revealed for the hippocampal archicortex and the amygdala, suggesting a possible functional correlation to glutaminergic synaptic transmission.
对40个不同的脑样本进行了分析，这些样本包括新皮质、旧皮质和古皮质区域；端脑、间脑和中脑的皮质下核；小脑以及一些相应的白质束，分析内容包括神经节苷脂 - 唾液酸的总含量和神经节苷脂模式。神经节苷脂的总含量似乎主要取决于灰质和白质的比例。因此，富含灰质的新皮质区域，其神经节苷脂含量（每毫克蛋白质）比富含白质的样本（如视交叉、内囊或胼胝体）高四到五倍。富含白质的区域，尽管神经节苷脂组成非常不均一，但其特征还在于富含髓磷脂的GM4含量可观。在新皮质中，揭示了显著程度的区域模式差异。在额叶和顶叶区域，与神经节苷脂α途径（GD1a、GM1）结合的唾液酸含量适中，而在颞叶区域则占优势。相比之下，枕叶皮质有利于神经节苷脂合成的β途径（GQ1b、GT1b、GD1b）。在所有与视觉系统相关的结构（视交叉、丘脑枕 - 丘脑、上丘、视觉皮质）以及小脑和红核中都发现了“β - 神经节苷脂”占优势。所有间脑核都倾向于略微偏向“β - 神经节苷脂”，而中脑核的神经节苷脂组成非常不均一。在杏仁核周围皮质、壳核、下丘、黑质、额叶白质、内囊、苍白球、迈内特基底核和胼胝体以及额叶、顶叶和颞叶皮质中发现了“α - 神经节苷脂”占优势。海马旧皮质和杏仁核中GM1和GD1a异常占优势，表明可能与谷氨酰胺能突触传递存在功能相关性。
