Graf T
Klin Padiatr. 1984 May-Jun;196(3):125-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1025594.
Retroviruses can cause different types of leukemias in chickens. A small group of virus strains induce acute leukemias and transform hematopoietic cells in vitro. We have shown that cells transformed in vitro by erythroblastosis and myeloblastosis viruses resemble in vivo transformed cells in their phenotype of differentiation. The erythroblastosis virus AEV carries two cell-derived oncogenes termed erbA and erbB. The analysis of AEV using deletion mutants showed that erbB is the main oncogene which is capable of inducing a "mild" form of erythroleukemia. The added action of the erbA oncogene leads to an aggressive, more "advanced" form of erythroleukemia. The erbA oncogene itself, however, does not exhibit any detectable biological activity. Using temperature sensitive mutants of AEF we could also show that erbB, together with erbA, blocks the differentiation of hematopoietic precursor cells. The continued synthesis of a functional erbB-encoded protein is necessary to maintain the "blocked", i.e. leukemic state of the infected cells.
逆转录病毒可在鸡身上引发不同类型的白血病。一小群病毒株会诱发急性白血病，并在体外转化造血细胞。我们已经表明，由成红细胞增多症病毒和成髓细胞增多症病毒在体外转化的细胞，在其分化表型上与体内转化细胞相似。成红细胞增多症病毒AEV携带两个源自细胞的癌基因，分别称为erbA和erbB。利用缺失突变体对AEV进行分析表明，erbB是主要的癌基因，能够诱发一种“轻度”形式的成红细胞白血病。erbA癌基因的附加作用会导致侵袭性更强、更“晚期”的成红细胞白血病形式。然而，erbA癌基因本身并未表现出任何可检测到的生物学活性。利用AEF的温度敏感突变体，我们还能够表明，erbB与erbA一起会阻断造血前体细胞的分化。持续合成功能性erbB编码蛋白对于维持被感染细胞的“受阻”状态，即白血病状态是必要的。
