Pogue-Geile M F, Harrow M
Schizophr Bull. 1984;10(3):371-87. doi: 10.1093/schbul/10.3.371.
Negative and positive symptoms were investigated in a sample of 72 young schizophrenic and depressed patients at followup approximately 1 1/2 years after hospital discharge. Flat affect, poverty of speech, and psychomotor retardation were included as negative symptoms, and delusions, hallucinations, and florid thought disorder as positive symptoms. Marked negative symptoms were found to occur in a subgroup of schizophrenic subjects at followup, but were infrequent in depressed subjects. Educational difficulties and poor social functioning before initial hospitalization were associated with later negative symptoms at followup for schizophrenic subjects. Negative symptoms were also related to concurrent outcome measures of instrumental and social functioning at followup. Contrary to some hypotheses, negative and positive symptoms, when assessed concurrently, were not at opposite ends of a bipolar continuum. Rather, they appeared to be independent phenomena in schizophrenia during the early posthospital phase. Overall, these results suggest that negative symptoms are important for a subgroup of schizophrenic patients during the early course of their disorder and that they have important correlates with specific aspects of role functioning.
对72名年轻的精神分裂症患者和抑郁症患者进行了随访研究，调查他们的阴性和阳性症状，随访时间为出院后约1年半。情感平淡、言语贫乏和精神运动迟缓被列为阴性症状，妄想、幻觉和明显的思维紊乱被列为阳性症状。研究发现，在随访时，有一组精神分裂症患者出现了明显的阴性症状，但在抑郁症患者中并不常见。首次住院前的教育困难和社会功能不佳与精神分裂症患者随访时出现的后期阴性症状有关。阴性症状还与随访时工具性和社会功能的并发结果指标相关。与一些假设相反，当同时评估时，阴性和阳性症状并非处于双极连续体的两端。相反，在出院后的早期阶段，它们在精神分裂症中似乎是独立的现象。总体而言，这些结果表明，阴性症状在精神分裂症患者疾病早期对一部分患者很重要，并且它们与角色功能的特定方面有重要关联。
