Grundy D J, McSweeney T, Jones H W
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1984 May-Jun;9(4):339-43. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198405000-00002.
The occurrence of cranial nerve palsies in cervical injuries is described in eight patients. The clinical features were dramatic and usually presented soon after injury, the most common picture being that of a bulbar palsy, with acute respiratory distress and dysphagia. Neurologic recovery, both from cranial nerve palsies and motor and sensory deficits, was substantial in all instances, suggesting that brain-stem ischaemia due to vertebral artery spasm or compression had been a factor in their causation. Alternatively, differential movement between the base of the skull and the upper part of the cervical spine at the time of injury could have caused an extracranial injury to the lower cranial nerves.
本文描述了8例颈椎损伤伴发颅神经麻痹的病例。临床特征明显，通常在损伤后不久出现，最常见的表现为延髓麻痹，伴有急性呼吸窘迫和吞咽困难。所有病例的颅神经麻痹、运动及感觉功能缺损均有显著的神经功能恢复，提示椎动脉痉挛或受压所致的脑干缺血是其发病原因之一。另外，损伤时颅骨基部与颈椎上部之间的相对移位可能导致颅外段的低位颅神经损伤。
