Tsunoda T, Nakadate T, Sakurai M, Sakurai Y
Sangyo Igaku. 1984 Jan;26(1):53-67.
Forty-one dust-and-ozone-exposed and 37 nonexposed workers, belonging to the Research and Development Division of a photo-copier manufacturing industry, were examined to assess the effect of the exposure to carbon, iron and resin dust and ozone in the air of the work environment by means of questionnaires on their physical condition, smoking habits and exposure history by interview, chest X-rays, testing of ventilatory functions, transcutaneous PO2 (tcPO2) test and H2O2-induced hemolysis test. The following results were obtained. Respirable dust concentrations in the air of the work place were 0.1-1.0 mg/m3, total dust concentrations 0.2-2.0 mg/m3, and ozone concentrations 0.004-0.06 ppm (0.008-0.12 mg/m3). According to the Japanese Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses, the exposed workers showed a higher rate of profusion 0/1 and over, and category 1 and over (1/0 and over) than the nonexposed workers. Ventilatory function testing revealed no difference between exposed workers and nonexposed workers, but small airway narrowing was suspected in smoking workers in comparison with nonsmoking workers. Transcutaneous PO2 showed no difference between exposed and nonexposed workers, between smoking and nonsmoking workers, and between any of the paired six combinations out of the four groups of workers, i.e., nonsmoking and nonexposed, nonsmoking and exposed, smoking and nonexposed, and smoking and exposed. It was estimated by H2O2-induced hemolysis test that smoking and/or dust exposure, especially long-term exposure, gave rise to aggravation of fragility of the erythrocyte membrane by lipid peroxidation with ozone or active oxygen produced by the reaction of dust and alveolar macrophages. The questionnaire was considered indispensable to ascertain the workers' exposure history. No worker in this work environment showed clinical signs indicating a need for medical care or home response. There results may indicate that in resolving the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis further studies will be required on the prevalence rate of profusion 0/1 and over (or category 1 and over) under low concentrations of dust exposure and on the intrapulmonary reactions induced by low doses of dust exposure.
对复印机制造行业研发部门的41名接触粉尘和臭氧的工人以及37名未接触的工人进行了检查，通过询问他们的身体状况、吸烟习惯和接触史、胸部X光检查、通气功能测试、经皮氧分压（tcPO2）测试以及过氧化氢诱导的溶血试验，来评估工作环境空气中碳、铁、树脂粉尘和臭氧暴露的影响。得到了以下结果。工作场所空气中的可吸入粉尘浓度为0.1 - 1.0毫克/立方米，总粉尘浓度为0.2 - 2.0毫克/立方米，臭氧浓度为0.004 - 0.06 ppm（0.008 - 0.12毫克/立方米）。根据日本尘肺病X线诊断分类标准，接触组工人的密集度0/1及以上和类别1及以上（1/0及以上）的比例高于未接触组工人。通气功能测试显示接触组工人和未接触组工人之间没有差异，但与不吸烟工人相比，吸烟工人疑似存在小气道狭窄。经皮氧分压在接触组和未接触组工人之间、吸烟和不吸烟工人之间以及四组工人中任意配对的六种组合之间均无差异，即不吸烟且未接触、不吸烟且接触、吸烟且未接触、吸烟且接触。通过过氧化氢诱导的溶血试验估计，吸烟和/或粉尘暴露，尤其是长期暴露，会因臭氧或粉尘与肺泡巨噬细胞反应产生的活性氧导致脂质过氧化，从而加重红细胞膜的脆性。调查问卷对于确定工人的接触史被认为是必不可少的。在这个工作环境中没有工人表现出需要医疗护理或在家疗养的临床症状。这些结果可能表明，在解决尘肺病的发病机制方面，需要进一步研究低浓度粉尘暴露下密集度0/1及以上（或类别1及以上）的患病率以及低剂量粉尘暴露引起的肺内反应。
