Martindale W O, Robertson D G
Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1984 Sep;9(3):153-63.
The purpose of this study was to quantify and contrast the instantaneous segmental and total body energy patterns of rowing a single scull racing shell with rowing a Gjessing (Norway) rowing ergometer (RE), and to contrast energy savings through exchanges of mechanical energy among segments and conversions of energy within segments. Four scullers, two male and two female, were filmed at three stroke rates while rowing on a stationary and a wheeled RE, and rowing in single sculls racing shells. Coordinates of joint markers were digitized, digitally filtered, and combined with estimated body segment parameters using link-segment mechanics to obtain segmental centre of gravity kinematics. Mechanical energy and internal work analyses were conducted to compute the energy savings due to exchange and interconversion of segmental energy. The internal work was least in the wheeled RE and greatest in the boat. Savings of energy through exchanges were greatest in the boat, and least in the stationary RE. Savings of energy through interconversion were greatest in the wheeled RE. The interconversions (expressed as a percentage of total work) were quite similar for both the boat and the stationary RE. The additional energy savings with the wheeled RE allow the conclusion that wheeled RE testing will permit athletes to work at stroke rates similar to racing levels.
本研究的目的是量化并对比单人双桨赛艇划船与使用 Gjessing（挪威）划船测力计（RE）划船时的瞬时节段和全身能量模式，并对比通过节段间机械能交换和节段内能量转换实现的能量节省情况。四名桨手，两男两女，在以三种划桨频率划船时被拍摄，分别是在固定的和带轮的 RE 上划船，以及在单人双桨赛艇中划船。关节标记点的坐标被数字化、数字滤波，并使用环节力学与估计的身体节段参数相结合，以获得节段重心运动学。进行了机械能和内功分析，以计算由于节段能量的交换和相互转换而节省的能量。内功在带轮的 RE 中最少，在赛艇中最大。通过交换节省的能量在赛艇中最大，在固定的 RE 中最小。通过相互转换节省的能量在带轮的 RE 中最大。赛艇和固定的 RE 的相互转换（以总功的百分比表示）非常相似。带轮的 RE 额外节省的能量使得可以得出结论，即使用带轮的 RE 进行测试将使运动员能够以与比赛水平相似的划桨频率进行训练。
