Ruff H A, McCarton C, Kurtzberg D, Vaughan H G
Child Dev. 1984 Aug;55(4):1166-73.
Because manipulative exploration of objects may be important to the infant's perception and conceptualization of objects, this study compared full-term infants with preterm infants who are considered to be at risk for cognitive deficits. 30 preterms at 9 months, with age corrected for prematurity, and 20 9-month-old full-terms were videotaped while they explored novel objects; the videotapes were scored for behaviors such as looking, handling, mouthing, turning the object around, fingering, transferring from hand to hand, and banging. There were no differences between the preterms and the full-terms. A "low-risk" subgroup and a "high-risk" subgroup of preterms were then compared with each other as well as to the full-terms. The low-risk subgroup was essentially the same as the full-terms. The high-risk preterms, however, fingered, rotated, and transferred the objects less than either the full-terms or the low-risk preterms. There was a relationship between manipulative exploration at 9 months and later cognitive functioning, suggesting that lower levels of manipulation may be one way in which cognitive deficits originate or are maintained.
由于对物体进行操作探索可能对婴儿对物体的感知和概念形成很重要，本研究将足月儿与被认为有认知缺陷风险的早产儿进行了比较。30名9个月大的早产儿（已根据早产情况校正年龄）和20名9个月大的足月儿在探索新物体时被录像；录像带根据注视、操作、放入口中、转动物体、用手指触摸、从一只手转移到另一只手以及敲打等行为进行评分。早产儿和足月儿之间没有差异。然后将早产儿的“低风险”亚组和“高风险”亚组相互比较，并与足月儿进行比较。低风险亚组与足月儿基本相同。然而，高风险早产儿对物体的手指触摸、旋转和转移比足月儿或低风险早产儿都要少。9个月时的操作探索与后期认知功能之间存在关联，这表明较低水平的操作可能是认知缺陷产生或维持的一种方式。
