Bergström R, Gillquist J, Lysholm J, Hamberg P
J Pediatr Orthop. 1984 Sep;4(5):542-5.
A review was carried out of arthroscopy of the knee in children. During a 34-month period, 2,378 arthroscopies were performed, 80 of these on children less than 16 years of age. Seventy-one cases were reviewed, which is approximately 2% of all children seen at the clinic. Thirty procedures were carried out in patients with hemarthrosis. Eleven patients required operative repair or reconstruction. There were 13 ruptures of the anterior cruciate ligament (43%), 4 ruptures of the posterior cruciate ligament, 14 ruptures of the medial collateral or posterior oblique ligament, and 5 ruptures of the lateral meniscus. Forty-one arthroscopies were done in patients without hemarthrosis or history of acute trauma. A clinical diagnosis of meniscus tear was correct in only 20%. Only one meniscectomy was performed and another meniscus tear was repaired. The most common diagnostic finding was abnormality of the patellofemoral articulation, which was diagnosed in 31 patients. Arthroscopic shaving of the patella was rarely indicated. As in adults, hemarthrosis indicates significant injury to the knee. Meniscus lesions are rare.
对儿童膝关节镜检查进行了一项回顾性研究。在34个月的时间里，共进行了2378例关节镜检查，其中80例是针对16岁以下儿童。回顾了71例病例，约占诊所所见所有儿童的2%。30例手术是在关节积血患者中进行的。11例患者需要手术修复或重建。有13例前交叉韧带断裂（43%），4例后交叉韧带断裂，14例内侧副韧带或后斜韧带断裂，5例外侧半月板破裂。41例关节镜检查是在没有关节积血或急性创伤史的患者中进行的。半月板撕裂的临床诊断仅20%正确。仅进行了1例半月板切除术，另1例半月板撕裂进行了修复。最常见的诊断发现是髌股关节异常，31例患者被诊断为此种情况。很少需要进行髌骨的关节镜下修整。与成人一样，关节积血表明膝关节受到严重损伤。半月板损伤很少见。
