Minami A, An K N, Cooney W P, Linscheid R L, Chao E Y
J Orthop Res. 1984;1(4):361-8. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100010404.
The ligamentous structure of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the index finger in human cadavers was studied by gross examination and quantitative measurement. Anatomically, the collateral ligament is separable into two layers, with the precise origin arising from the metacarpal head and inserting on the proximal phalanx. Quantitatively, the change in length of the collateral ligament was studied with biplanar radiographic techniques. The distance between the origin and insertion of the collateral ligament changed in different portions of the ligament when the joint was moved from a position of hyperextension to that of flexion. When the MCP joint was flexed from 0 degree to 80 degrees, the dorsal portions of both the radial and ulnar collateral ligaments were lengthened (3-4 mm). The middle portions of both ligaments were slightly elongated (0.4-1.0 mm), and the volar portions of the ligaments were shortened (1-2 mm). When the MCP joint extended into hyperextension, the dorsal portions of the ligaments shortened 2-3 mm, the middle thirds of the ligaments shortened slightly, and the volar thirds of the ligaments lengthened. The results of this study suggest that the dorsal and volar portions of the collateral ligament provide MCP joint constraint at the flexed and extended positions, respectively.
通过大体检查和定量测量，对人类尸体示指掌指（MCP）关节的韧带结构进行了研究。从解剖学上看，侧副韧带可分为两层，确切的起点位于掌骨头，止于近节指骨。在定量方面，采用双平面放射照相技术研究了侧副韧带长度的变化。当关节从过度伸展位置移动到屈曲位置时，侧副韧带起点与止点之间的距离在韧带的不同部分发生了变化。当MCP关节从0度屈曲到80度时，桡侧和尺侧副韧带的背侧部分均延长（3 - 4毫米）。两条韧带的中间部分略有延长（0.4 - 1.0毫米），而韧带的掌侧部分缩短（1 - 2毫米）。当MCP关节伸展至过度伸展时，韧带的背侧部分缩短2 - 3毫米，韧带中间三分之一部分略有缩短，而韧带掌侧三分之一部分延长。本研究结果表明，侧副韧带的背侧和掌侧部分分别在屈曲和伸展位置为MCP关节提供约束。
