Means L W, Medlin C W, Hughes V D, Gray S L
Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1984 May-Jun;6(3):187-92.
Rats exposed in utero to ethanol are hyperresponsive to methylphenidate when tested as neonates or adults. Long-Evans rats were maintained on liquid diets containing either ethanol or maltose-dextrin (35% of total calories) or on lab chow and water throughout pregnancy. Male offspring, who were raised by foster mothers maintained on lab chow and water throughout pregnancy and lactation, were used in two experiments to examine the effects of methylphenidate on activity. In Experiment 1, a time-sampling procedure revealed that methylphenidate (0, 1, 2 & 4 mg/kg) increases the frequency of ambulation in young (26-38 day old) ethanol-treated offspring more than in control offspring. In Experiment 2, an open-field procedure revealed that methylphenidate (0, 2, 4, 6 & 8 mg/kg) produces greater increases in number of squares covered and the total duration of ambulation during 5-min tests in adult (100-184 day old) offspring treated prenatally with ethanol than in control offspring. Both studies revealed that the hyperactivation effect increases with increased doses of methylphenidate.
在子宫内接触乙醇的大鼠，在作为新生鼠或成年鼠接受测试时，对哌甲酯反应过度。将长 Evans 大鼠在整个孕期维持在含有乙醇或麦芽糖糊精（占总热量的 35%）的液体饮食中，或维持在实验室饲料和饮水上。雄性后代由在整个孕期和哺乳期维持在实验室饲料和饮水上的代孕母亲抚养长大，在两项实验中用于检验哌甲酯对活动的影响。在实验 1 中，一种时间抽样程序显示，哌甲酯（0、1、2 和 4 毫克/千克）增加了幼年（26 - 38 日龄）乙醇处理后代的行走频率，且比对照组后代增加得更多。在实验 2 中，一种旷场程序显示，哌甲酯（0、2、4、6 和 8 毫克/千克）在 5 分钟测试期间，使成年（100 - 184 日龄）产前接受乙醇处理的后代覆盖的方格数量和行走总时长增加得比对照组后代更多。两项研究均显示，过度激活效应随哌甲酯剂量增加而增强。
