Willén J, Lindahl S, Irstam L, Aldman B, Nordwall A
Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1984 Sep;9(6):624-31. doi: 10.1097/00007632-198409000-00014.
Seven vertebral preparations of L1, with surrounding discs, facet joints, and ligaments were exposed to an instant axial dynamic force in order to produce a burst or crush fracture. The resulting fractures were similar to fractures observed clinically and showed a comminuted vertebral body with fractured vertebral end-plates, dislocated disc nucleus, bone fragments severely encroaching upon the spinal canal, and facet joint laxity. The flexion-extension range was increased considerably. This implies that this fracture type should be regarded as unstable with a risk of progressive flexion deformity, neurologic deterioration and pain. The fracture could be reduced by an axial distraction force of 400 N simulating the effect of Harrington distraction rods. However, the distraction resulted in an "empty" vertebral body with small areas of spongious bone mixed with fragments of the disc nucleus and fragments of the vertebral end-plate.
七具带有周围椎间盘、小关节和韧带的L1椎体标本受到瞬间轴向动力，以造成爆裂或压缩性骨折。所产生的骨折与临床上观察到的骨折相似，表现为椎体粉碎、椎终板骨折、椎间盘髓核脱位、骨碎片严重侵入椎管以及小关节松弛。屈伸范围显著增加。这意味着这种骨折类型应被视为不稳定型，存在渐进性屈曲畸形、神经功能恶化和疼痛的风险。通过模拟哈灵顿撑开棒效果的400N轴向撑开力可使骨折复位。然而，撑开导致椎体“中空”，有小面积松质骨，混有椎间盘髓核碎片和椎终板碎片。
