Hällström T, Persson G
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1984 Oct;70(4):327-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1984.tb01217.x.
Sixty middle-aged women with a major depressive episode diagnosed in a community survey were compared with those 400 participants of the study who had no history of major depression. The husband's income and the family income were lower in the depressed group even when adjustment was made for age and marital status. The depressives were more often divorced or widowed than were controls. As a direct consequence of this, women with major depression lived in smaller residences and were more seldom owners of a summerhouse. The proportions of women working full-time, part-time or not working outside home were the same in those with major depression and the controls. The level of adversity (life events and long-term major difficulties) during the year preceding the study was increased in the depressed group when adjustment was made for age, marital status and social class differences. A larger proportion of the depressed women reported marital and job dissatisfaction. Variables reflecting social isolation did not differ between groups. There were no differences between depressed and undepressed regarding churchgoing, but fewer of the former stated that they believed in God.
在一项社区调查中，将60名被诊断患有重度抑郁发作的中年女性与该研究中400名无重度抑郁病史的参与者进行了比较。即使对年龄和婚姻状况进行了调整，抑郁组中丈夫的收入和家庭收入仍较低。与对照组相比，抑郁症患者离婚或丧偶的情况更为常见。由此直接导致的结果是，患有重度抑郁症的女性居住的住所较小，拥有避暑别墅的情况也较少。重度抑郁症患者和对照组中全职、兼职或不在家工作的女性比例相同。在对年龄、婚姻状况和社会阶层差异进行调整后，抑郁组在研究前一年的逆境水平（生活事件和长期重大困难）有所增加。更大比例的抑郁女性报告了婚姻和工作方面的不满。反映社会隔离的变量在两组之间没有差异。在去教堂做礼拜方面，抑郁组和非抑郁组没有差异，但前者中表示信仰上帝的人较少。
