Delmas V, Benoit G, Gillot C, Hureau J
Anat Clin. 1984;6(2):69-78. doi: 10.1007/BF01773158.
The pars membranacea is the short segment of the urethra traversing the floor of the perineum. The main anatomical obstacles encountered in the approach to the membranous urethra are the perineal body posteriorly, and the deep dorsal vein of the penis and preprostatic venous plexus, anteriorly. These obstacles must be borne in mind when performing a surgical approach to the membranous urethra. The perineal body is the main obstacle to the perineal approach and can be avoided by incision of the sagittal raphes (anobulbar and rectourethral raphes) posterior to it and up to the apex of the prostate. When the trans-symphysial or transpubic approach is used, detachment of the suspensory ligament and roots of the penis allows exposure of the preprostatic venous plexus whose inferior part lies over the membranous urethra.
膜部是尿道穿过会阴底部的短节段。在进入膜部尿道时遇到的主要解剖学障碍，后方是会阴体，前方是阴茎背深静脉和前列腺前静脉丛。在对膜部尿道进行手术入路时必须牢记这些障碍。会阴体是经会阴入路的主要障碍，可通过在其后方直至前列腺尖部切开矢状缝（肛门球部缝和直肠尿道缝）来避开。当采用经耻骨联合或经耻骨入路时，分离阴茎悬韧带和根部可暴露前列腺前静脉丛，其下部位于膜部尿道上方。
