Bhat A M, Meny R G
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1984 Dec;23(12):683-5. doi: 10.1177/000992288402301205.
Fifty-two preterm neonates receiving oral gentamicin from birth, as prophylaxis against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), had serum gentamicin levels measured on the second day of life (52 infants) and on the seventh to tenth days (43 infants). The serum gentamicin concentrations on the second day were 0.5 microgram/ml or less in 21 percent, 0.6 to 1.0 microgram/ml in 15 percent, 1.1 to 2 micrograms/ml in 34 percent, 2.1 to 5 micrograms/ml in 25 percent, and 5 to 7.1 micrograms/ml in 4 percent of the infants. Paired serum gentamicin levels were significantly lower (p less than 0.001) on the seventh to tenth day as compared to the second day. We conclude that preterm infants in the first few days of life absorb orally administered gentamicin. Concomitant use of systemic gentamicin under such circumstances may potentially lead to toxic serum gentamicin concentration.
52例从出生起即接受口服庆大霉素预防坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）的早产儿，在出生后第二天（52例婴儿）以及第七至十天（43例婴儿）测定了血清庆大霉素水平。第二天血清庆大霉素浓度在21%的婴儿中为0.5微克/毫升或更低，15%的婴儿为0.6至1.0微克/毫升，34%的婴儿为1.1至2微克/毫升，25%的婴儿为2.1至5微克/毫升，4%的婴儿为5至7.1微克/毫升。与第二天相比，第七至十天的配对血清庆大霉素水平显著降低（p小于0.001）。我们得出结论，出生后几天内的早产儿会吸收口服的庆大霉素。在这种情况下同时使用全身性庆大霉素可能会导致血清庆大霉素浓度达到中毒水平。
