Curvall M, Enzell C R, Jansson T, Pettersson B, Thelestam M
J Toxicol Environ Health. 1984;14(2-3):163-80. doi: 10.1080/15287398409530571.
The biological activity of the volatile part of the particulate phase of cigarette-smoke condensate, the semivolatile fraction, has been examined, since the constituents of this material are accessible to selective filtration. Such a process offers a possibility to reduce the biological activity of total cigarette smoke without appreciably affecting the taste. Cigarette-smoke condensate, obtained from domestic American blend type cigarettes, was therefore separated into a nonvolatile and a semivolatile fraction, and the latter was fractionated by liquid-liquid extractions into four subfractions; acids, phenols, bases, and neutrals. The biological activity of these fractions was investigated using six in vitro short-term tests, of which two, the Ames test and the induction of sister chromatid exchanges, provided information on their genotoxicity, and the other four provided information on their cytotoxicity by measuring inhibition of cell growth, inhibition of oxidative metabolism, membrane damage, and ciliotoxicity. Sister chromatid exchanges were found to be induced by the total condensate, the nonvolatile and the semivolatile fractions, and the subfractions derived from the semivolatile fraction, except the bases. The Ames test showed the total condensate and the nonvolatile fraction to contain direct-acting base-pair mutagens as well as indirect-acting frameshift mutagens. While the semivolatile fraction was found nonmutagenic, two of its subfractions, acids and phenols, were shown to contain base-pair mutagens, which did not require metabolic activation. The total condensate and the nonvolatile and semivolatile fractions showed similar activity in the four cytotoxicity tests. Of the semivolatile subfractions, the acids and the phenols exhibited the highest activity and the bases the lowest; the toxicity observed for the neutrals varied with the test system used.
由于香烟烟雾冷凝物颗粒相的挥发性部分（半挥发性组分）的成分可通过选择性过滤获得，因此对其生物活性进行了研究。这样的过程提供了一种在不明显影响口感的情况下降低总香烟烟雾生物活性的可能性。因此，从美国国产混合型香烟中获得的香烟烟雾冷凝物被分离为不挥发部分和半挥发部分，后者通过液 - 液萃取进一步分离为四个亚组分：酸、酚、碱和中性物质。使用六项体外短期试验研究了这些组分的生物活性，其中两项试验，即艾姆斯试验和姐妹染色单体交换诱导试验，提供了它们的遗传毒性信息，另外四项试验通过测量细胞生长抑制、氧化代谢抑制、膜损伤和纤毛毒性提供了它们的细胞毒性信息。发现总冷凝物、不挥发部分和半挥发部分以及源自半挥发部分的亚组分（除碱外）均可诱导姐妹染色单体交换。艾姆斯试验表明，总冷凝物和不挥发部分含有直接作用的碱基对诱变剂以及间接作用的移码诱变剂。虽然发现半挥发部分无诱变活性，但其两个亚组分酸和酚含有不需要代谢活化的碱基对诱变剂。总冷凝物、不挥发部分和半挥发部分在四项细胞毒性试验中表现出相似的活性。在半挥发亚组分中，酸和酚表现出最高的活性，碱表现出最低的活性；中性物质的毒性因所使用的测试系统而异。
