Morgenstern R, Mende T, Gold R, Lemme P, Oelssner W
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1984 Oct;21(4):501-6. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(84)80030-1.
Locomotor hyperactivity was induced in rats by bilateral injection of picrotoxin (PIC) into the nucleus accumbens (NAC) followed by intraperitoneal (IP) or intra-accumbens (IA) injection of agents affecting dopamine (DA), acetylcholine, serotonin, or GABA receptors. IP injection of haloperidol and diazepam attenuated PIC-induced hypermotility in a dose-dependent manner. Low (sedative) doses of the DA agonists apomorphine (APO) and lisuride, or pretreatment with reserpine abolished PIC-induced hypermotility. Independent of a preceding IA injection of PIC, higher IP doses of APO produced the well-known locomotor effect. LSD, and the atypical neuroleptic, sulpiride, potentiated PIC-induced hypermotility strongly whereas clozapine was ineffective. IA injection of carbachol or haloperidol, in doses which antagonized hypermotility induced by APO IP, did not influence PIC-induced hypermotility. The atypical neuroleptics, clozapine and sulpiride, and the benzodiazepine, diazepam, inhibited PIC-induced hypermotility. The results suggest that there is a complex involvement of GABA, DA and serotonin functions in the effectuation of PIC-induced hypermotility and that PIC-induced hypermotility may be affected by DA-sensitive structures situated outside the NAC.
通过向大鼠伏隔核（NAC）双侧注射印防己毒素（PIC），随后腹腔内（IP）或伏隔核内（IA）注射影响多巴胺（DA）、乙酰胆碱、5-羟色胺或γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）受体的药物，诱导大鼠出现运动性多动。腹腔注射氟哌啶醇和地西泮以剂量依赖方式减弱了PIC诱导的运动亢进。低（镇静）剂量的DA激动剂阿扑吗啡（APO）和利苏瑞肽，或用利血平预处理可消除PIC诱导的运动亢进。与先前IA注射PIC无关，较高腹腔注射剂量的APO产生了众所周知的运动效应。麦角酰二乙胺（LSD）和非典型抗精神病药舒必利强烈增强了PIC诱导的运动亢进，而氯氮平则无效。IA注射卡巴胆碱或氟哌啶醇，其剂量可拮抗APO腹腔注射诱导的运动亢进，但不影响PIC诱导的运动亢进。非典型抗精神病药氯氮平和舒必利以及苯二氮䓬类药物地西泮抑制了PIC诱导的运动亢进。结果表明，GABA、DA和5-羟色胺功能在PIC诱导的运动亢进的实现过程中存在复杂的参与，并且PIC诱导的运动亢进可能受到位于NAC之外的DA敏感结构的影响。
