Selivanov V, Chi H S, Alverdy J C, Morris J A, Sheldon G F
J Trauma. 1984 Dec;24(12):1022-7. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198412000-00004.
Eighty-one patients sustained retroperitoneal hematoma (RH) from blunt (70%) and penetrating (30%) trauma. Retroperitoneal hematomas were classified into 10 centro-medial Zone I, 25 lateral Zone II, and 46 pelvic Zone III hematomas. The mean injury Severity Score (ISS) for the entire series was 26.4 +/- 14. The mean ISS of nonsurvivors was 37.6 +/- 12. Overall mortality was 20%; if head injury deaths are excluded (six), mortality was 13%. Retroperitoneal hematoma associated with pelvic fracture had a mortality of 19%. Incidence of respiratory failure for entire series, excluding head trauma, was 29%. Respiratory failure occurred in 37% of patients with Zone III injuries. A requirement for ventilatory support greater than 48 hours was associated with a mortality of 35%. PaO2/FIO2 at 48 hours in intubated patients was significantly decreased in nonsurvivors compared to survivors, whereas the mean ISS of this subset of patients did not differentiate between survivors and nonsurvivors.
81例患者因钝性（70%）和穿透性（30%）创伤导致腹膜后血肿（RH）。腹膜后血肿分为10例中央内侧I区血肿、25例外侧II区血肿和46例盆腔III区血肿。整个系列的平均损伤严重度评分（ISS）为26.4±14。非幸存者的平均ISS为37.6±12。总体死亡率为20%；若排除颅脑损伤死亡病例（6例），死亡率为13%。与骨盆骨折相关的腹膜后血肿死亡率为19%。整个系列中，排除颅脑创伤后呼吸衰竭的发生率为29%。III区损伤患者中37%发生呼吸衰竭。通气支持需求超过48小时者死亡率为35%。与幸存者相比，插管患者在48小时时非幸存者的动脉血氧分压/吸入氧分数值（PaO2/FIO2）显著降低，而该亚组患者的平均ISS在幸存者和非幸存者之间并无差异。
