Tomporowski P D, Ellis N R
Appl Res Ment Retard. 1984;5(3):329-37. doi: 10.1016/s0270-3092(84)80054-5.
The effects of a seven-month aerobic-type exercise program on physical fitness and intelligence of institutionalized adult mentally retarded persons were evaluated. Sixty-five subjects, matched on IQ, CA, and sex, were assigned randomly to exercise (PF), attention control (AC), and nonintervention control (C) groups. PF and AC groups participated in 139 training sessions, three hours per day, five days per week. The exercise consisted of running/jogging, calisthenics, and circuit training; those in the AC groups received a special education program; the C group continued their normal institutional training programs. Cardiovascular efficiency improved in the PF group. IQ and adaptive behavior did not improve as a result of any treatment. Even though standardized tests reflected little change in adaptive behavior of participants, subjective reports suggest PF training may serve as an effective habilitation program for many institutionalized mentally retarded adults.
评估了为期七个月的有氧型锻炼计划对收容机构中成年智障人士体能和智力的影响。65名在智商、年龄和性别方面匹配的受试者被随机分配到锻炼组（PF）、注意力控制组（AC）和非干预对照组（C）。PF组和AC组每天参加3小时、每周5天的139次训练课程。锻炼内容包括跑步/慢跑、健身操和循环训练；AC组的受试者接受特殊教育计划；C组继续其正常的机构训练计划。PF组的心血管效率有所提高。任何一种治疗都没有使智商和适应性行为得到改善。尽管标准化测试显示参与者的适应性行为变化不大，但主观报告表明，PF训练可能是许多收容机构中成年智障人士有效的 habilitation 计划。
