Penders L, de Leval J, Petit R
J Urol (Paris). 1984;90(6):385-93.
Simultaneous urethrocystometry, the advantages of which are outlined, enabled us to diagnose 27 cases of pure urethral instability (male and female) and 16 cases of mixed instability (urethral and bladder instability). We analysed the relationship between the main symptom, this urethral dysfunction and the competence of the bladder neck. Definition, characteristics and frequency of urethral instability are discussed. It is responsible of: frequency or urgency, in the absence of bladder instability, when the bladder neck is closed, intermittent sphincteric incontinence, in the presence of a normal closure pressure on the urethral pressure profile, when the bladder neck is incompetent, enuresis, particularly in case of stable bladder; a new treatment is proposed for this entity. The clinical interest of this diagnosis is stressed in these three situations.
同步尿道膀胱测压法（其优点已概述）使我们能够诊断出27例单纯尿道不稳定（男性和女性）和16例混合性不稳定（尿道和膀胱不稳定）。我们分析了主要症状、这种尿道功能障碍与膀胱颈功能之间的关系。讨论了尿道不稳定的定义、特征和发生率。它导致以下情况：在膀胱不稳定不存在且膀胱颈关闭时出现尿频或尿急；在尿道压力分布图上关闭压力正常但膀胱颈功能不全时出现间歇性括约肌失禁；尿床，尤其是在膀胱稳定的情况下；针对这种情况提出了一种新的治疗方法。在这三种情况下强调了这种诊断的临床意义。
