Van Houten R, Rolider A
J Appl Behav Anal. 1984 Winter;17(4):509-20. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1984.17-509.
The effects of a response prevention strategy consisting of the fading of restraint and the removal of reinforcers on nocturnal thumbsucking behavior was evaluated in four experiments. In the first experiment, nocturnal thumbsucking was restrained for approximately 1 week by having each of two boys wear a boxing glove to bed. Next they wore absorbent cotton over the thumb for 11 nights. During the last phase in this condition, they wore a fingertip bandage over the thumb for 10 to 11 nights. The response prevention package completely eliminated thumbsucking behavior in both boys. In the second experiment, the removal of reinforcers alone for nocturnal thumbsucking had little or no effect on the thumbsucking behavior of three girls whereas the later introduction of the entire package completely suppressed thumbsucking in all three girls. In the third experiment, the package was evaluated in the absence of the glove restraint condition. The results showed that the treatment package was effective in the absence of the glove restraint condition for all three children. The final experiment examined whether the package could be effective if the absorbent cotton condition was abruptly removed without using the fingertip bandage condition. The results showed the treatment to be effective with one of two boys, but not the other.
在四项实验中评估了一种由逐渐减少约束和去除强化物组成的反应预防策略对夜间吮指行为的影响。在第一个实验中，通过让两个男孩睡觉时都戴拳击手套来约束夜间吮指行为约1周。接下来，他们在拇指上戴吸水棉11个晚上。在这种情况下的最后阶段，他们在拇指上戴指尖绷带10至11个晚上。反应预防方案完全消除了两个男孩的吮指行为。在第二个实验中，单独去除夜间吮指行为的强化物对三个女孩的吮指行为几乎没有影响，而后来引入整个方案则完全抑制了所有三个女孩的吮指行为。在第三个实验中，在没有手套约束条件的情况下评估该方案。结果表明，对于所有三个孩子来说，在没有手套约束条件下该治疗方案是有效的。最后一个实验研究了如果突然去除吸水棉条件而不使用指尖绷带条件，该方案是否有效。结果表明，该治疗方法对两个男孩中的一个有效，对另一个则无效。
